What is Melatonin

Just as the growth of plants is affected by the hours of daylight, so too, are animals and humans affected. Darkness triggers production of the hormone, melatonin, and causes the drowsy, sleepy feeling you get which is your body's signal it's time to go to sleep. Bright light halts the production of melatonin.

Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It can also be produced by bone marrow cells, the retina, and the gastrointestinal tract. Even plants, such as rice, produce melatonin. When you eat rice or other foods containing melatonin, it will reach and bind to sites in the brain.

In addition to helping you sleep, melatonin is an antioxidant. It helps protect DNA, protects the brain, and may play a role in increasing longevity.

Melatonin is safe for the human body even when taken over a period of time. However, like all supplements, caution is advised against taking more than directed. High doses can cause complications.